What can we learn from Machiavelli?

The main goals of this ESL lesson plan are to:

• – learn how to use modal verbs “may”, “might”, “can’t” and “must” for speculation and deduction through clear explanations and practice exercises like gap-filling and sentence rewriting;
• – acquire political vocabulary related to Machiavelli’s theories through discussions about political philosophy, watching educational videos, and reading thought-provoking texts about power and governance;
• – develop critical thinking and speaking skills by exploring complex political concepts, discussing controversial ideas about leadership, and participating in analytical activities that challenge students to identify patterns and explain their reasoning.

In this Intermediate ESL lesson plan, students learn to use modal verbs “may”, “might”, “can’t” and “must”. They also acquire new vocabulary related to politics.

Warm-Up

We kick off with a brief discussion on Machiavelli’s political theory.

Video

Students watch a video titled “POLITICAL THEORY – Niccolò Machiavelli” and discuss the questions that follow.

Grammar

This section explains the use of modal verbs “may”, “might”, “can’t” and “must”, and provides useful examples.

Exercises

In this section, the use of modal verbs is exemplified and practiced. This is accomplished through gap-filling and sentence rewriting exercises.

Reading

Students read a thought-provoking text on Machiavelli’s political theory and discuss their thoughts.

Pick a Card

Finally, the lesson wraps up with a pick-a-card exercise. Students are asked to choose the odd one out and explain why it doesn’t belong.